I teach kids pinhole photography as a starting point to learning about photography in general. The advantages of using paper instead of film include: (a) it is cheaper than film, (b) paper can be handled safely in safelight so complete darkness is not necessary, and (c) paper used as a film substitute can be processed just like paper is processed for contact prints or enlargements. No special equipment, chemicals or treatment is necessary.
There is a lot of information about using paper instead of film out there. There are even books about it (do a search on Amazon for "paper negatives"). It is very easy to do and yields pleasing results, pretty much indistinguishable from film to the untutored eye.
You might also take a look at:
http://www.f295.org/Pinholeforum/forum/Blah.pl

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